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坑爹的四则运算术题啊~ 6÷2(1+2) = ?



6÷2(1+2) = ?




作者: peter00151 (夜濁漂) 看板: Math
標題: Re: [其他] 6÷2(1+2)=?
時間: Wed May 4 20:54:58 2011

原文恕刪。

小弟剛去外國網站爬了文一下,
並把此題回答的數學系教授的內容翻譯的一下。
(原文:http://tinyurl.com/6g5jpkv)

我就是一位你要求的大學教授,持有數學博士學位。稍後我會把這算式最簡化,盡可能使這爭議結束。今天已經有10個學生問過我這個問題了。

就像這算式寫的 6÷2(1+2),「÷」號不能分號「/」來做替換,因為在運算上他們有不同的位階與規則。視為相同的話即為非正規運算。

這道算式雖有使用括號,但由於「÷」與「x」同屬相同運算位階,因此這道算式解題一定要經由 「六 除以 二(一加二)」的順序,而不是變成 「二乘以(一加二) 分之 六」的方式去進行運算。 我們看到括號就會先去計算,所以算了之後變成 6÷2(3)的形式。在這個狀況下,括號就失去了他的重要性,因為括號內的數字處於使用括號時最簡化的形式。每個單一的數字(在運算上)其實都只是把括號給省略罷了。

(所以由此可推)

6÷2(3) 可以寫成 (6) ÷ (2)(3) 或者寫成 6÷2*3,

或者反過來以「分數的形式」做反向乘法(正規運算)得以下算式

(6)(1/2)(3)

以上的列式都正確而且都是在講同一件事情。根據PEMDAS規則,


(編按:PEMDAS為
Parentheses【括號】, Exponents【指數】, Multiplication【乘法】, Division【除法】,
Addition【加法】 Subtraction【減法】的縮寫,乘法與除法被列為相同位階。)


既然乘法與除法位階是可以互相替換的,我們便從左邊運算至右。
因此 (3)(3) 或者 3*3= 9

比起有寫的部分,不能因為只是有東西被藏起來就判定算式運算上有特殊的階位運算。

使這道題目一目瞭然,若以完全開展的方式列式即為

(1+1+1+1+1+1 (/) 1) ÷ (1+1 (/) 1) * ((1(/) 1) + (1+1 (/) 1))

(編按:↑這好像就是所謂的建構式數學?)

由此看來,沒有東西被藏起來,所得解一樣為9。

如果「/」號被拿來當作此題的爭議點,那立場上就會變得模稜兩可,因為那個符號可以代表「被除以」 或者可以代表「分數中間的那一條線」。

(編按:我實在不知道它有沒有抽出來講的專有名詞。因為這位教授講的「/」與「分數中間的那一條線」似乎是不同的東西!?有錯請賜教小弟數學很爛XDD)

結論是,本題所使用的是「÷」,所以不能替換成「分數中間的那一條線」。因為如果這麼做就會改變這題的算法並造成這次的爭議。你不能單純就想要所以就去改變一個符號的意義。如果這麼做等於在修改題目。

最終再表明一次,
本題的答案是9。

希望我的學生可以看到這篇之後就可以不用再回答這個問題。

論述終止....希望如此....


資料來源:

9年教學經驗的博士學者下午1:08

1 评论:

hamcipeng

Best Answer - Chosen by Asker

I am your college professor that you requested, with a doctorate in Mathematics. I will break this down as simply as possible and end this debate as approx. 10 students have already asked me this today.
The problem as it is written is 6÷2(1+2) , the ÷ cannot be substituted with a fraction bar because they have different ranks on the order of operations. It is an illegal math move to do this. The bar ranks with parentheses, ÷ is interchangeable with *. therefore the problem must be solved as 6÷2(1+2) NOT 6 (over) 2(1+2) we do the parentheses first, so 6÷2(3), the parentheses are now no longer relevant, because the number inside is in it's simplest form. Every single number has implied parentheses around it.
6÷2(3)
(6) ÷(2)(3)
6÷2*3,
or even converting the division to multiplication by a reciprocal (a legal math move)
(6)(1 (over) 2)(3)
are all correct ways to write this problem and mean exactly the same thing. Using pemdas, where md and as are interchangeable, we work from left to right, so (3)(3) or
3*3= 9

Just because something is implied rather than written does not give it any special rank in the order of operations.

The problem in it's simplest form, with nothing implied would look like this:
(1+1+1+1+1+1 (over) 1) ÷ (1+1 (over) 1) * ((1(over) 1) + (1+1 (over) 1))
From here, nothing is implied, This again, works out to 9.

If the symbol '/' was used this whole debate would be ambiguous since that symbol can mean "to divide by" or it could mean a fraction bar.

HOWEVER, because the ÷ symbol is used, it can not be changed to mean a fraction bar because that would change the order of operations and thus the whole problem, you can't change a symbol to mean something because you want to, in doing so you are changing the problem.

Once and for all, the answer is 9.

Hopefully some of my students see this so I can stop answering this question.

End of debate... hopefully.
Source(s):
Doctorate, 9 years teaching experience.
1 week ago

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